Improved stone-chabtnelluig- machine



N. PETERSY PHGTO-UTHDGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D C.

tant' @anni @than g,

E. G. LAMSN, OF WINDSOR, VERMONT.

Letters Patent No. 89,265, dated April 20, 1869 IMPROVEDSTONE-CHANNELLING MACHINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and maldng part of thesama.

To all who-m it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. G. LAMSON, of liudsor, in the county of Windsor,and in the State of Vermont, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in StoneChannelling and Grooving Machines; and do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specication.

My improvements relate to a number of devices and combination ofdevices, and constructing a channelling and growing-machine, to outmarble, or other rock, in quarries where the dip, strata, or layers ofmarble, or other rock, stand at an angle of forty-live degrees, orvarying from' that either Way.

In very many of the quarries the marble stands in layers, varying fromperpendicular to horizontal, and up to the present time no machine hasbeen able to do the work successfully, and great diiicnlty has beenexperienced in quarrying. A great loss of material, when blocks aretaken out, has been the result, unless cut by hand, as it is necessaryto follow the dip, 'or seams, that is, to cnt grooves between thelayers, because there is generally a great difference in the quality ofthe different layers, one may be very` good, and the next to it be verybad.

My machine isintended to cutaperpendicular groove, or to cnt atanydesired angle, to follow the dip, orstrata, and cnt a channel atright angle with the layer, and thereby take out square blocks ofthesame kind of material.

The design of my machine is to set it upon a level track, or to set iton a track standing at any desired grade, and to beable to make themachine feed itself up and down any desired grade, to accommodate itselftothe layers, or strata to be cut.

My invention, therefore, partly consists in constructing the feed-worksin such a manner, and the track, that I am enabled to feed the machineup and down the grades, which can be accomplished in a great manydifferent ways.

One device is to use the friction of the wheels upon a track, givingmotion to the driving-axles by a wormgear, or its equivalent.

Another device is a rack, with cogs attached to the track, or itsequivalent, and a pinion, or a worm-gear playing into the rack, whichpinion may be on the drivingaxle, or a separate shaft, with rackstanding perpendicular, and the feed-mechanism may operate to cari y themachine up and down any desired grade, while the cuttingdevice is doingits work ou both sides ofthe trz'tck, or on one side, o1' between thetracks, in which latter caso the cross-pieces in thctrack are removed.

Another device is to have two tracks, standing at convenient distancefrom cach other, on the rock to vbe cnt, and have two machines, and letthem be connected by a wire cable, rope, or chain, so as to let themachines balance each other, so that when one is going up, the otherwill be coming down, and thereby cut four grooves at the same time, or aloaded car may be used to connterbalauce.

And still another device to feed the machine up and down steep grades,is, by means of a chain and cog-wheel put on to the drivingwsrle, andthe end-y of said chain attached to the track, or some stationaryobject, the links of the chain fitting on to the cogs. When thecog-wheel is turned by the feeding-mechanism, the machine will he fed upor down on a grade.

fEherc are various ways and manners of attaching the chain, or windingthe chain around adrnm, or in grooves, and only attaching one end of thechain to the track, and the other to the feeding-mechanism of the machine. l shall use any of the Well-known ways of attaching, for feedingby a chain, or its equivalent.

Another device is by means of a wire rope, or strap, one end of which isattached to the feeding-shaft, or its equivalent, and the other end to aWeight, the rope passing over loose pulleys on the end of the track, ora stationary fixture, and then running np to the sides or top of thequarry, or its equivalent, whereby the weight acts as a counterbalance,and the machine is fed up and down steep grades.

Another very important part of my invention is the arrangement ofhanging the steam-boiler on trunnions, placing the trnnnions, orbearings in such aposition, that the lower part will be the heaviest,which I calla pendulum-boiler, for the purpose of running up and downgrades, and keep the water over or around the tubes in the boiler, toprevent damage by heat on the tubes.

I place a small steam-pump on the boiler, for the purpose of' keepingthe supply of water in the boiler.

The vboiler may be hung in various ways,.to Vkeep it perpendicular whenrunning up and down grades. It

may be s ct on rockers, or, by means of an adjustable bed, to cha-ngethe position of the boiler, to change it, by screw or lever, by .handwhen desired, instead of having it hung like a pendulum.

VI shall not confine myself to any one way, but use any devices known.

A perpendicular or horizontal boiler may be used.

' As I use a flexible pipe or rubber hose to convey the steam to theengines, the boiler or engines may change their positions withouttrouble.

Another arrangement of using the boiler is by setting the boiler, inmany cases, at a distance from where the machine is to be Worked, as ithappens that in tunnels and in 'deep shafts the smoke and gas aretroublesome, also, the getting of fuel and water to the boiler, andgetting rid of the escape-steam.

g By setting the boiler on the bank of the quarry, out of the way, itcan he of sufficient size to run a number of machines, and one firemancan keep up steam, the

steam or compressed air carried down in pipes ot' rubber, or otherdexible pipe.

Another great improvement is vto provide the frame with small standards,to which I hang the steam-engine beds.

These beds are hung, at the bottom, on trunnions, or a shaft, the otherend of engine-bed being attached to adjustable braces, so as to give anydesired angleto all on one bed, and hung on trnnnions, or their equiv-`alents to give any angle desired to the cutters.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains, to make and use the saine, I will now proceed to describeits construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a side elevation, showing two sets of lcuttersworking outside the frame and track, perpendicularly.

Figure 2 is an end view, showing one set of cutters workingperpendicularly,and the other set at an angle. Figure 3 is a plan view,with the boiler and cuttingapparatus removed, showing the feed-mechanismand the device for holding the cutting-apparatus in placewhen the trackis in an inclined position.

, Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of the device, by whicheither engine or set of cutters is made to operate itsfeefhng-mechanism, to move the machine along the track.

Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section of the same device.

Figure 6 is a side. view ofthe feeding-device and its connection.

Figure 7 is a side view of the arm and collar operating thefeeding-device, so as to feed in either direction. v

Figure Sis a side view of the double-acting feedingpawl, showing itsoperation to feed the machine.

Figure 9 is a side View, and

Figure l0, a plan view of the clutch which holds the segmentalfeeding-connection in place.

Figure l1 is a cross-section of the track, and

Figure 12 .is a longitudinal vertical section of the track, showing thesame in an inclined position, and the manner of balancing the machine bya weight attached to a chain.

Figure 13 is a plan view of a head-clampwith guiderollers.

Figure 14 shows another construction of the ilexible instrument. v

A represents the track, which is secured tothe rock in any positiondesired, and by any suitablev means.

This track is provided with a rack-bar, B, in whichv cog-wheels on thevdriving-'axles ofthe machine gear, so as to move the machine along ineither direction.

0 isl the frame on which the whole machine is placed,

said frame resting on' wheels D D, placed on the ends of the shafts, oraxles E E,'and resting on the track A.

On one side of the frame O are four ears or small standards F F, theouter ends of which are one at each end of the frame, and the other twoat suitable di'stance from theformer, each set, of twov standards,forming bearings for an engine-bed, G.

The engine-beds G G are, at their lowerends, on the inner side, providedwith ears and bolts, passing through said ears, and through thestandards F F, thus pivoting the engine-beds G G,.at their lower ends,to the frame C. x

0n the inner side of the bed G is-secureda frame,

H, which contains the engine, as will be hereinafter fully'set forth.

At the upper rear end of the frame H is pivoted a screw-rod, I, whichpasses through an ear at the upper end of a bar, K, which is pivoted, atits lower end, to A the opposite side of the frame C.

Nuts L L are placed'on the screw I, one above and the otherv below saidear, so that the screw I and bar K. form a brace for holding theengine-bed in position.

It will be seen that, by the use of the nuts L L, the upper end of theengine-bed can be raised and lowered at pleasure, thus placing said bedat. any angle desired.

Inside of the frame H is hung an oscillating-engine cylinder, M, fromwhich the piston-rodN communicates motion to the crank-shaft O, whichhas its bearings in the frame H.

The outer end of the crank-shaft O passes through the ,engine-bed G, andis, on the outer side of said bed, provided with acrank, P, which, by apitman, Q, is connected with and operates the cutting-mechanism.

RR are the standard-guides, running parallel withy the engine-bed G, andsecured to the same lat a suitable distance in front of it, by means ofthe supports S S, so that the crank P, pitman Q, and their connections,with -the cutters, work between said bed and guides.

l l are the clamps, or cutter-holders, which carry the cutters V V,between the standard-guides.

It will be seen, that by the Aadjustment ofthe engine-beds G G, as abovedescribed, the 'cutters V V may be made to operate at any angle desired;also, that by the arrangement of two such beds, engines and set ofcutters, as shown in the drawings, two seams may he cnt at the sametime, at different angles, or both may operate in the same channel.

On the crank-shaft O are placed the ily-wheel U and an cccentric,.W,which latter, by a pitman, Xfconnects with a segmental arm, Y, pivotedon the saine bolt, which pivots the engine-bed G to the frame C.

The segmental arm Y'is cogged along its outer periphery, said cogsgearing into cogs ou the outer peripheryof a smaller segmental arm, Z,pivoted on a shaft, c, which has its bearings in the ends of the frameC. y

The arm Z is placed by the side ofa grooved wheel, b, secured onthe'shaft a, and on the other side of said wheel, on the shaft, isplaced a bar, c. This bar andV the arm-Z are bolted together on eachside of the grooved wheel b, sothat theywill move togetherlooselyaroundthe same.

The rear bolt connecting these two also passes through, and'thus pivotsthe double-acting pawl d, the outer end of which is bythe spring econnected with the end of the bar c, while the inner end is shaped so asto turn the wheel `b and shaft a. in either direction.-

-The outer end of the double-acting pawld is, by a pin, connected with atwo-armed lever, j, pivoted to the inner end of the segmental arm Z.

The arms of this lever are operated 'upon bya ange, or projection g, ona collar, h, placed loosely on the shaft a;

By moving this collar so that the flange 'g is in the cent-re, betweenthe two arms of the lever f, it will be seen that the pawl d is held insuch a position as not to touch the wheel b, and consequently will notturn the same, while, when said flange moves or bears against one of thearms, one side of the pawl will bear against the wheel, and turn it inone direction. When the flange g bears against the other arm, the motionis reversed.

The collar h is providedwith an arm, t, which is connected by a rod, It,to an arm, m, on a shaft, n, which has its bearings in the frame U, andin a semicircular box, p, secured to the platform lr, on which theboiler may rest.

The end'of the shaft n, which has its bearing in the seinicircular boxp, projects a suitable distance within said box, and is provided,directly inside of the box, with a wheel, s, as seen in iig. 4.

Both of the engine-beds and sets of cutters being provided with suchibeding-deviceas above described, the two shafts -n yn project, one fromeach end, in the box p.

On the ends of the shafts 'n n, inside of the box p", and between thewheels s s, is placed a slotted block, t, through which a lever, c,passes, said lever' being pivoted inside of said block, on a line withthe ends of the shafts yn iz., the lower end of the lever passingdownward projecting below the block.

Through the block 't, below and parallel with the shafts n n, runs a.bolt, w, through which the lever fz.' also passes, so that by moving thelever to one end the bolt passes to the other, the end of the boltprojecting through the block t, and into a hole on the wheel s.

By now turning the lever to one side or the other, to nearly ahorizontal position, the wheel s and shaft n are turned so as to throwthe feeding-device connected with said shaft into gear.

By turning the lever 'u toward the other, the bolt w enters the otherwheel, s, and consequently the other feeding-device will be thrown intolgear, while when said lever stands in a vertical position, neither oneof the feeding-devices is in gear.

'It will thus be seen that bythe use of this lever I can make themachine stand still, or either one of the feeding-devices move it eitherbackward or forward at pleasure.

The shaft o is provided with worms :t x, which gear into cog-wheels yy',on the axles E E, and thus communicating the motion from thefeeding-devices to the machine.

To obviate any danger of one ofthe shafts 'n n turning when it -isdesired to turn the other, I provide the ends of the seinicircular boxp, on the outside, with other boxes, z z, in which moves a bolt, of,pressed inward by a spiral spring, b', so that the inner ends of saidbolts will project into the holesalready mentioned on the wheels s s. y

When the bolt m is moved to 'either end, it will press the bolt a.' outof the hole in the wheel s, and take its place so as to turn said wheel.

Across the centre of the bottom of the semicircular box pis a projectingdi nge, o, with a slot in its centre, so as to hold the lever in avertical position, and also, when turned to either side, to prevent itfiom slipping out of its place.

On the platform r rests the boiler A', which is, by means ofexiblepipes, connected with the steam-boxes ttached to the oscillatingcylinders M M, as shown in I prefer, however, to attach standards B' Bto the sides of the platform rr, and provide the boiler A with trunniousC', inserted in the upper ends of said standards, sothat the boiler canaccommodate itself to any movement up or down a grade, or when one sideof the track is higher than the other.

The. pitman Q, which, as above described, contributes or communicatesthe necessary motion to the cuttirg-apparatus, is attached to abow-spring, D', and this spring to the lower clamp, which holds thecutter.

By reason of the iiexibility of the bow-spring D', the usual jar andconcussion to the machinery are, if not entirely, at least to aconsiderable degree lessened, and consequently thedanger of any inj uryto the machinery greatly obviated.

Another mode of constructing such a iiekible mechanism I haverepresented iniig. 14.l

It consists of a double pitxnan, made in 'two pieces, and attached tothe crank P in the usual manner, and

letting them run down any length desired, and attached to thefoot-clamp.

'Ihe lower ends of the two pit-men E'E' stand at any desired distancesomewhat in the shape of a letter A, both the upper ends heiligconnected or attached to the crank.

At about the middle ofthe two flexible arms or pitmen E', is a rod, c',passing'throngh thc saine.

On or around this rod or shaft, I placca spiral spring, d', which keepsthe lower ends of the two pitiuen at any proper distance.

Instead of the spiral spring il', a number of springs, of a round oroval shape, with a hole in the middle, one side convex and the otherconcave, or any other kind of a spring, may bc'pnt between the two arms.

In this way I obtain a flexible or yielding mechanism similar to thebow-spring. Both are yielding and accuinnlative in their action, likethe bowspring, and perform the same function.

The segmental cogged arms y y, which communicate motion to thefeeding-mechanism, as above set forth, are movable on the shafts orbolts which pivot them.

A bisected clutch, F', shown in gs. il and 10, placed on said shaft orbolt, keeps the arm Y in proper position to perform its function.

In iig. l2, I have represented a portion of the track in an inclinedposition, showing the rack-bar B and the pinion y, gearing into thesame.

On the shaft E, I then place a wheel, G', having a series of pins, c',at equal distances apart, on its outer periphery.

A chain, H', the links of which are of such size as to fit successivelyon the pins e', is passed around the wheel G', one end of said chainbeing attached to the track or some other stationary object, and ,theother end passing over a pulley, I', placed at any suitable point.

This end of the chain has a weight, J', 4attached to it, tocounterbalance the weight of the machine.

Along the entire length of the rack-har B, on both sides, is aprojecting flange, i', and from the frame of the machine extend arms,having rollers fm 'in' at their lower' ends, which rollers t on theunder side of the dange i', as shown in fig. Il, thus preventing anyside or sliding motion of the machine.

I may also, for the purpose of feeding thc machine up or down a grade,place a pulley, K', on the shaft E, and pass a wire cable, rope, orchain, L', around the same, both ends of said rope being secured to theends of the track, as seen in fig. 3, and thus I am enabled to feed themachine along by merely turning the axle E without any rack and pinion.

In iig. 13, I have'shown an improved head-clamp, which may be placed atany point desired on the standard-guides R It, to snit the depth of thegroove and size of the cutters.

' On the inner side of said clamp are placed ila-nged rollers n n',between which the cutters or chisels V V move, the flanges on saidrollers embracing the edge of the cutters, and` guide it in its upwardand down ward movement.

The rollers n" n' may be made adjustable, so as to be made to suit oneor more cutters, or any=size of cutter. y

Having thus fully described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, isv l. Thearrangement, npon the bed-frame C, of the two sets of cutters V V, uponor around the guides It It, arranged upon the same side of the frame,and at each side of a boiler, A', Vto operate outside of the frame andtrack, either vertically or at an angle, and braced upon the rear of thebed-frame, substantially as set forth.

2. In a stone-growing or channelling machine, the method'hereindescribed of moving the machine up and down steep grades, hy means of arope, chain, or

. theirI equivalent-s, substantially as set forth.

3. The arrangement of the toothed wheel G', chain H', and weight J',with a stone-channelling and grooving machine, substantially as setforth.

4. A stone-channelling or grooving machine, which is mounted upon aframe supporting a horizontal or upright steam-boiler, which is hunt,ron trnnnions, wherebythe same will retain its normal position,irrespective of the incline or angle of the bed-frame, substantially asset forth. Y

5.. In a stone-channelling or grooving machine earrying two or moreengines and two or more sets of cutters, an' arrangement of devices bywhich either engine may be made to feed the machine in either directionalong the track, substantially as herein set forth.

6.' Connecting the feed-mechanism with an eccentric on the main shaftofthe engine in suoli a manner that the said feed-mechanism shall beoperated at whatever angle the. engine, engine-bed, and cutting-apparatus, may be placed, substantially as herein set forth.

7. The cogged segment-al arm Y, provided with a collar encircling thetrnnnion-shaft of the engine-bed G, and held in position by the clutchF', substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

8. The combination, with the shaft a, of the wormgear 32 axle E,spur-wheel y', and rack-bar B, whereby the spur-wheel is 4made to actupon its upper and lower face, substantially as s'et forth.

In testimony that I claim -the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand,this 2d day of April,=l869.

E. G, LAMSON.

Witnesses:

J. M. MASON, G. M. ALEXANDER.

